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Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882

"Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom"


Pot 1 : 7 4/8 : 2 4/8.
Pot 1 : 5 : 1 2/8.
Pot 2 : 5 : 6.
Pot 2 : 4 : 4.
Pot 2 : 4 4/8 : 3 1/8.
Pot 3 : 9 4/8 : 3 1/8.
Pot 3 : 3 3/8 : 1 7/8.
Pot 3 : 8 4/8 : 0 5/8.
Pot 4 : 4 7/8 : 2 1/8.
Pot 4 : 4 2/8 : 1 6/8.
Pot 4 : 4 : 2 1/8.
Pot 5 : 6 : 3.
Pot 5 : 3 3/8 : 1 4/8.
Total : 78.13 : 33.25.
The average height of the fourteen crossed plants is here 5.58 inches,
and that of the fourteen self-fertilised 2.37; or as 100 to 42. In four
out of the five pots, a crossed plant flowered before any one of the
self-fertilised; as likewise occurred with the pair raised during the
previous year. These plants without being disturbed were now turned out
of their pots and planted in the open ground, so as to form five
separate clumps. Early in the following summer (1869) they flowered
profusely, and being visited by humble-bees set many capsules, which
were carefully collected from all the plants on both sides. The crossed
plants produced 167 capsules, and the self-fertilised only 17; or as 100
to 10. So that the crossed plants were more than twice the height of the
self-fertilised, generally flowered first, and produced ten times as
many naturally fertilised capsules.
By the early part of the summer of 1870 the crossed plants in all the
five clumps had grown and spread so much more than the self-fertilised,
that any comparison between them was superfluous.


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