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Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882

"Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom"

The crossed plants produced nine pods, containing on an average
3.4 seeds, and the self-fertilised plants seven pods, containing on an
average 3 seeds, so that the seeds from an equal number of plants were
as 100 to 88.
Two other crossed seedlings, each with two self-fertilised seedlings on
the opposite sides of the same large pot, were turned out of their pots
early in the season, without being disturbed, into open ground of good
quality. They were thus subjected to but little competition with one
another, in comparison with the plants in the above three pots. In the
autumn the two crossed plants were about 3 inches taller than the four
self-fertilised plants; they looked also more vigorous and produced many
more pods.
Two other crossed and self-fertilised seeds of the same lot, after
germinating on sand, were planted on the opposite sides of a large pot,
in which a Calceolaria had long been growing, and were therefore exposed
to unfavourable conditions: the two crossed plants ultimately attained a
height of 20 1/2 and 20 inches, whilst the two self-fertilised were only
18 and 9 1/2 inches high.
Lupinus pilosus.
From a series of accidents I was again unfortunate in obtaining a
sufficient number of crossed seedlings; and the following results would
not be worth giving, did they not strictly accord with those just given
with respect to Lupinus luteus. I raised at first only a single crossed
seedling, which was placed in competition with two self-fertilised ones
on the opposite side of the same pot.


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