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Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882

"Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom"

When the seedlings were about one and a half
inches in height, they were equal on both sides of the three first pots;
but in Pot 4, in which they grew crowded and were thus exposed to severe
competition, the crossed were about a third taller than the
self-fertilised. In this latter pot, when the crossed averaged 5 inches
in height, the self-fertilised were about 4 inches; nor did they look
nearly such fine plants. In all four pots the crossed plants flowered
some days before the self-fertilised. When in full flower the tallest
plant on each side was measured; but before this time the single crossed
plant in Pot 3, which was taller than its antagonist, had died and was
not measured. So that only the tallest plant on each side of three pots
was measured, as in Table 5/69.
TABLE 5/69. Lobelia ramosa (Second Generation).
Heights of plants measured in inches.
Column 1: Number (Name) of Pot.
Column 2: Tallest Crossed Plant in each Pot.
Column 3: Tallest Self-fertilised Plant in each Pot.
Pot 1 : 27 4/8 : 18 4/8.
Pot 2 : 21 : 19 4/8.
Pot 3 : 21 4/8 : 19.
Crowded.
Total : 70 : 57.
The average height of the three tallest crossed plants is here 23.33,
and that of the tallest self-fertilised 19 inches; or as 100 to 81.
Besides this difference in height, the crossed plants were much more
vigorous and more branched than the self-fertilised plants, and it is
unfortunate that they were not weighed.


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